Previously we reviewed what chronic kidney disease (or also known as CKD) and how it is a condition where the kidneys gradually lose their function over time. Managing CKD involves various dietary considerations, and one key nutrient that has been studied in relation to CKD is fiber. Let’s take a look at high fibre foods for kidney patients.
Benefits of high fibre foods for kidney patients
Fibre has many benefits, but let’s look at some specific to kidney patients:
- Improved Gut Health: Fiber, especially soluble fiber, can help improve gut health by promoting regular bowel movements and reducing constipation, a common issue in CKD.
- Blood Sugar Control: Fiber, particularly soluble fiber found in foods like oats and legumes, can help control blood sugar levels. Since diabetes is a leading cause of CKD, maintaining healthy blood glucose is important.
- Cholesterol Reduction: Soluble fiber helps lower LDL (bad) cholesterol, which is beneficial because kidney disease is often associated with cardiovascular risks.
- Improved Blood Pressure: Some types of fiber, like those found in whole grains, can help lower blood pressure, which is also crucial in CKD management.
Different types of fibre
There are two main types of fibre, soluble and insoluble fibre. We need a combination of both in our diet.
- Soluble Fiber: Found in oats, beans, fruits, and vegetables, it dissolves in water to form a gel-like substance that can lower cholesterol and control blood sugar levels.
- Insoluble Fiber: Found in whole grains, seeds, and vegetables, it adds bulk to stool and helps with bowel movements. It’s beneficial for preventing constipation but increase your intake slowly to avoid any gastrointestinal distress.
High fibre foods for kidney patients
The amount and type of fibre you consume depends on a few things.
- Stage of CKD: The stage of CKD matters when considering fiber intake. In the earlier stages of CKD, increasing fiber intake can help with overall health. However, in later stages, particularly for patients on dialysis, fiber intake may need to be carefully managed to avoid excessive potassium, phosphorus, and other nutrient imbalances from high-fiber foods.
- Phosphorus and Potassium Considerations: Some high-fiber foods are also high in potassium and phosphorus. This makes individualized dietary recommendations from a healthcare provider essential. Speak to your registered dietitian to see if potassium or phosphorous is a concern for you.
The best high fibre foods for kidney patients come from these foods:
- Vegetables and Fruits: Aim for non-potassium-rich options in advanced CKD, such as apples, carrots, and berries.
- Whole Grains: Brown rice, quinoa, and barley are examples of fiber-rich grains that can be easier on the kidneys.
- Legumes: Beans and lentils provide soluble fiber but should be consumed in moderation in advanced stages of CKD to avoid excessive potassium.
- Nuts and Seeds: Some examples include, chia seeds, flaxseeds, almonds, walnuts, sunflower seeds. Keeping portions small can help provide additional fiber, healthy fats and protein in your diet without adding too many calories.
Things to remember with high fibre foods and kidney patients
Fibre is important, but too much of a good thing may be a concern for you. When consuming fibre be on the lookout for:
- Excessive Fiber: Too much fiber can cause bloating, gas, or discomfort. For CKD patients, a balanced fiber intake tailored to individual needs and kidney function is crucial.
- Nutrient Absorption: Excessive fiber might impact the absorption of certain minerals, such as calcium and magnesium, so managing fiber intake alongside these nutrients is important.
Looking to work on your fibre intake?
For patients with chronic kidney disease, fiber can offer significant benefits, including improved digestion, better blood sugar control, and support for heart health. However, the type, source, and quantity of fiber must be carefully considered, especially in advanced stages of CKD, to avoid complications. Always consult a healthcare provider or work with a dietitian like us here at Kidney Nutrition for personalized recommendations.
This article was written by Antonia Zettas, RD.